Journal: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS
Article Title: Reduced ALDH1A1 expression in multiple myeloma cells increases resistance to daratumumab via downregulation of retinoic acid
doi: 10.1007/s00018-025-05891-7
Figure Lengend Snippet: ALDH1A1 increased CD38 through activation of RA/RAR via RA production. A . Volcano plots created by differential mRNA (fold change (FC) > 2 or < 0.5, and p < 0.05); B. KEGG analysis in ALDH1A1 KD cells of H929 and 8226 cells revealed that retinoic acid receptor, and retinoid X receptor agonists/antagonists pathways were enriched in both cell line; C. Knock down ALDH1A1caused downregulation of RAR proteins while re-introduced ALDH1A1 into ALDH1A1-KD cells increased their expressions; D . RA salvage restore the ADCC of Dara against MM cells; E . the RAR protein level was significantly increased determined by western blot after RA supplement; (F) mRNA levels of CD38 determined by RT-qPCR; (G) protein levels of CD38 determined by western blot. **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001 C-G, student t test was adopted KD: ALDH1A1 knockdown; Ctrl: control; KD-OE: over expression of ALDH1A1 in KD cells; RA: retinoic acid; RAR: retinoic acid receptor; ADCC: antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
Article Snippet: The positive CD38 cells were labeled by APC anti-human CD38 antibody (E-AB-F1058E, Elabscience) or APC anti-mouse CD38 antibody (E-AB-F1193E, Elabscience) and analyzed by FACSCantoTM II flow cytometer.
Techniques: Activation Assay, Knockdown, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control, Over Expression